CHAPTER 3 : PERFORM HAJJ

MANDATORY CONDITIONS TO PERFORM HAJJ: • Islam • Reasonable • Capable (healthy body, safe travel, there is mahram for women, not in iddah) • Independence • Puberty   LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING HAJJ: • Islam • Wear Ihram • Time (Miqat ihram is on time) • Place (Miqat ihram according to place) • Mumayyiz • Reasonable • Can do work by himself except when sick • Not having sex   TYPES OF HAJJ 1- IFRAD: That is intending Hajj only. 2- COMPLETE': That is intending Umrah first (ie he enters into ihram for Umrah from the miqat set for his country then he takes tahallul from that ihram and then enters ihram for Hajj from Mecca). Named as Tamattu' because he chooses a way that allows him to do things that are prohibited during ihram between Umrah and Hajj. 3- QIRAN: That is intending Hajj and Umrah together (ie wearing ihram for Hajj and Umrah together simultaneously). The words of Allah Taala: Which means: So whoever wants to enjoy the convenience of doing Umrah, (and continues to enjoy that convenience) until the time of (doing) the Hajj worship, (he may do it then it is obligatory for him) to slaughter Dam that is easily available. If he cannot (hold the Dam), then he should fast for three days during the Hajj and another seven days when you return (to your respective places); all those ten (days) are quite perfect. This law is for people who do not live (around) Masjidilharam (Mecca). (Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse: 196). Pilgrims who perform Hajj Qiran and Tamattu' are obliged to slaughter a sheep (dam) as a sign of gratitude to Allah Taala for successfully performing Umrah and Hajj in the months of Hajj as well as in one journey, if he is unable to slaughter dam, he should fast for three days during the Hajj season and seven days after he returns to his homeland.   PILLARS OF HAJJ That is, "There are five pillars of Hajj: ihram, intention, wukuf at Arafah, tawaf at Ka'bah, and sai at Safa and Marwa," (Taqrib in Kifayatul Akhrar, [Beirut, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah: 2001 M/1422 H ], page 301). 1. INTENT OF HAJJ IHRAM Ihram is one of the pillars of Hajj that must be performed. Pronunciation: Nawaitul hajja wa ahramtu bihi lillahi ta'ala labbaika Allahumma hajjan Meaning: "I intend to perform Hajj by wearing Ihram for the sake of Allah Ta'ala, I accept your call, O Allah, to perform Hajj  2. WUKUF IN ARAFAH Stopped at Arafah, starting from the setting of the sun (at noon) on the 9th of Zulhijjah until dawn on the 10th of Zulhijjah. 3. TAWAF Tawaf is one of the pillars of Hajj and Umrah. Tawaf means circumambulating the Ka'bah 7 times, where the position of the Ka'bah is on the left. This pillar is done starting from Hajar Aswad and ending with the same position. 4. SA'I Sa'i is a pillar of Hajj and Umrah that must be done by pilgrims. Sa'i is a small run around Safa to Marwah seven times. Before doing sa'i, it should be started with tawaf. 5. SHAVING THE HAIR Shaving hair is one of the pillars of Hajj and Umrah. Shaving hair is a determinant of the validity of Hajj and Umrah. Shaving in the pillars of Hajj is performed on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah after the pilgrims throw Jumrah Kubra. 6. ORDER The pillars of Hajj and Umrah that follow are in order. The meaning of this pillar is that all Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages are performed with massage and according to the rules. MANDATORY ITEMS OF HAJJ There are six obligatory Hajj which are :- 1.       Ihram inMiqat 2.       Overnight in Muzdalifah 3.       Throwing Jamrah Al-Aqabah 4.       Overnight in Mina 5.       Throw all three gems 6.       Leaving things that are haram during ihram   1-MIQAT Miqat means the boundary of the time or place to start the intention of ihram for Hajj or Umrah. Miqat is divided into 2: a) Miqat Zamani: The time limit determined for Hajj ihram, starting from 1 Syawal until before dawn on the 10th day of Dhul Hijjah every year. While for Umrah it is throughout the year. b) Miqat Makani: The boundaries of places that have been set around Mecca for the Hajj ihram. 1) Yalamlam – for pilgrims who go through the Indian Ocean to the Red Sea. The distance is approximately 54 km from Mecca. 2) Zulhulifah - for pilgrims who come from Medina and the surrounding area. The distance is approximately 450 km from Mecca. 3) Juhfah - Pilgrims who come from the northwest like the people of Egypt and Syria. The distance is approximately 187 km from Mecca in the northwest direction. 4) Qarnul Manazil – for pilgrims coming from the east such as the people of Najd. The distance is approximately 94 km from Mecca. 5) Mecca (from their homes) – For the people of Mecca themselves.   2-OVERNIGHT IN MUZDALIFAH Pilgrims must stay and spend the night in Muzdalifah even for a short time. The time is after midnight on the 10th of Zulhijjah until dawn.   3-OVERNIGHT IN MINA It means spending more than half the night in Mina on the nights of tasyrik which are 11, 12 and 13 Zulhijjah.   4-THROWING JEWELS Throwing the three gems which are Jamrah Al-Ula, Jamrah Al-Wusta and Jamrah Al-Aqabah. Each with seven stones. The time for throwing the three jamrahs is on the 11th, 12th and 13th of Zulhijjah. The throwing time starts after dawn on the 11th of Zulhijjah until sunset on the 13th of Zulhijjah. The most afdhal time is after the sun sets on the 11th, 12th and 13th of Zulhijjah.   1-   THROWING CONDITIONS 1. Throwing by hand. If you are powerless, then you can use your left hand, foot or mouth 2. Throwing with the method of stoning is not like placing stones, throwing or throwing 3. The intention of throwing Jamrah is not diverted to other purposes 4. Throwing stones or other types 5. Ensure that the thrown stone enters the Jamrah reservoir with confidence 6. Throwing in order - Starting with Jamrah Al-Ula - Followed by throwing on Jamrah Al-Wusta - Ending with throwing on Jamrah Al-Aqabah. 7. It is not allowed to throw for all three Jamrahs on 12 Zulhijjah if you do not complete the throwing on the previous day. This is also the condition for throwing on the 13th of Zulhijjah.   •        THROWING AQABAH JEWELS It means throwing 7 stones into the Jamrah Aqabah reservoir. Each throw should be with only one stone. The time to throw at Jamrah Aqabah is After midnight on 10 Zulhijjah (Hajj Festival) until sunset on 13 Zulhijjah The afdal time is Dhuha time on 10 Zulhijjah SHAVE Shaving means cutting hair or removing at least 3 strands of hair from the head by shaving or cutting it. Shaving time is after throwing Jamrah Al-Aqabah on 10 Zulhijjah. Note: The obligatory Hajj must be performed and if one of them is left out, then the Hajj is valid but must pay a dam (fine).   PROHIBITION IN IHRAM Violating it is punishable, it is a sin if it is intentional a) Clothes 1. Can't wear sewn clothes (men) 2. Can't cover the head (men) 3. Can't cover the face (women) 4. Can't wear gloves (men and women)   b) Beauty (man and women) 1. Do not wear perfume 2. Do not apply oil 3. Can't remove hair 4. Can't cut nails c) Environment (men and women) 1. Can't hunt game 2. Do not cut or damage the plant d) Relationships 1. Getting married, getting married or getting married 2. Prelude to intercourse 3. Intercourse between husband and wife The words of Allah SWT: "Therefore whoever has made it obligatory for himself to perform the Hajj, then he must not interfere with his wife, he must not commit immorality and he must not argue during the Hajj..." (Al-Baqarah: 197)   DAM AND PAYMENT Various Dams Prof. Dr. Wahbah Az-Zuhaili in his book entitled Fiqih Islam Wa Adilatuhu Volume 3 (2021: 585) explains that check is divided into three types, namely: 1. Stab Dam Dam Nusuk is a dam that is obligatory for pilgrims who perform manasik by means of Tamatu or Qiran. So, this dam is only to fulfill the provisions of the Tamatu or Qiran Hajj, not because of any violation. Hajj Tamatu is a pilgrimage performed by performing Umrah first before continuing with the Hajj procession. Dam for this Hajj is to slaughter a goat per pilgrim and the meat is distributed to the poor. The order of stabbing is explained in the following words of Allah ta'ala: Meaning: "...So for whoever wants to perform Umrah before Hajj (in the month of Hajj), (it is obligatory for him to slaughter) a sacrifice that is easy to obtain. But if he does not find (a sacrificial animal or is unable to), then it is obligatory to fast three days during Hajj and seven days (more) when you have returned..." [Al-Baqarah verse 196]   2. Dam Isa'ah Dam Isa'ah is a mandatory fine for pilgrims who do not perform or leave the things obligatory for Hajj such as: •        Not wearing ihram/intention of hajj/umrah from mīqāt; •        Not doing mabat in Muzdalifah; •        Not doing mabit in Mina; •        Don't throw cumrah; •        Not performing tawaf wada'. In addition, this check is also required for pilgrims who are not able to continue their journey to Mecca due to certain reasons such as illness or war. Dam Isa'ah that a person must fulfill is by slaughtering a goat.   3. Atonement Dam ·        Violating the Prohibition in Ihram Dam kafarat is a fine for the pilgrims of Hajj or Umrah, when they do something forbidden during the period of ihram. The types of violations and fines that must be paid include: As a punishment for the type of violation of the Prohibition during Ihram, pilgrims can choose the check that must be paid, among others: 1) Paying checkers with a goat. 2) Pay fidyah by giving charity to six poor people. Each ½ sha' (2 mid = 1 ½ kg of any type of staple food).   3) Fasting for three days. •        Killing Land Game As a ransom for this violation is explained in the following words of Allah Ta'ala; "O you who believe, do not kill wild animals while you are in ihram. Whoever among you kills it on purpose, the penalty is to replace it with livestock equal to the game that was killed..."(QS. Al-Ma'idah: 95) If the Hajj or Umrah pilgrim commits this violation but is really unable to pay according to the explanation of the verse above, then it can be replaced by fasting, with a daily comparison = 1 mud of food (¾ kg of rice). •        Doing Jima (Conjugal Relationship) Having a relationship with a husband and wife falls under the category of serious violations, and can even invalidate a person's Hajj. If this violation is committed before the initial tahallul, it can invalidate a person's Hajj, and it is obligatory for him to pay the dam. In addition, it is also obligatory to perform the Hajj in the following year. Whereas if this violation is committed after the initial tahallul, the hajj is not cancelled, but still has to pay the fine.   As for the dam that must be paid for the violation of this conjugal relationship, that is; a.   Slaughter a camel. If unable, can be replaced with a cow/cow. b.   If you still can't afford it, you can replace it with 7 goats. c.   If you are still unable to slaughter an animal, it can be replaced by feeding the poor in Mecca worth a camel. d.   If you still can't afford it, as a last alternative it can be replaced by fasting one day for each bite of food.   THE MATTER OF CANCELING THE HAJJ 1)        Leave the obligatory Hajj matters 2)       Intercourse (Intercourse) 3)       Arafah time has passed. Passing the set time, which is after dawn on the 10th of Zulhijjah) 4)       Apostate.Get out of Islam. Nauuzubillahiminzalik.